What Is Vegan Cheese?

TL;DR

• Vegan cheese is a plant-based alternative to dairy cheese, made from ingredients like nuts, seeds, and plant oils
• The vegan cheese market is growing rapidly, with sales expected to increase by over 10% annually
• Vegan cheese typically has lower calorie and protein content compared to dairy cheese, but can have similar fat levels
• The production of vegan cheese generally has a lower environmental impact than dairy cheese, requiring less water and land use
• Vegan cheese comes in various types, including soft, hard, and artisanal varieties, catering to different culinary applications and taste preferences

Introduction

Imagine biting into a gooey, melty grilled cheese sandwich or savoring a slice of creamy cheesecake – without a drop of dairy. Welcome to the world of vegan cheese. This plant-based alternative has exploded in popularity, with sales expected to grow over 10% annually in the coming years. But what exactly is this dairy-free wonder, and how does it stack up against its traditional counterpart?

What is Vegan Cheese

Definition and Basic Concept

Vegan cheese is a dairy-free alternative designed to mimic the taste, texture, and functionality of traditional cheese. It’s the culinary equivalent of a chameleon – a plant-based product that can transform into everything from a stretchy pizza topping to a tangy sandwich spread.

Unlike dairy cheese from animal milk, vegan cheese is crafted entirely from plant-based ingredients. This fundamental difference makes it suitable for those following a vegan lifestyle and individuals with lactose intolerance or dairy allergies.

Brief History and Development

Contrary to popular belief, vegan cheese has existed for centuries, dating back to ancient China. The modern journey of vegan cheese began in the 1980s, but the early versions were a far cry from the diverse and delicious options we have today. These pioneering products often fell short in taste and texture, earning them a reputation as pale imitations of the real thing.

Fast forward to the 2010s, and vegan cheese underwent a revolution. Artisanal producers emerged, experimenting with innovative ingredients and traditional cheese-making techniques. The result? A new generation of vegan cheeses that could hold their own against dairy varieties.

Today, the vegan cheese market is a hotbed of innovation. There’s vegan cheese for every palate and purpose, from small-batch, cultured nut cheeses to mass-produced shreds that melt perfectly on pizza.

How Vegan Cheese is Made

Ingredients Used

The magic of vegan cheese lies in its ingredients. Common bases include:

• Nuts (cashews, almonds, macadamias)
• Seeds (sunflower, pumpkin)
• Soy products (tofu, soy milk)
• Coconut oil
• Vegetable oils
• Starches and flours

These ingredients provide the fat and protein that give vegan cheese its body and mouthfeel. Nutritional yeast often adds a cheesy flavor, while miso or rejuvelac contribute tanginess through fermentation.

Binding agents like carrageenan or agar help achieve the right texture, while added vitamins and minerals can boost nutritional value.

Manufacturing Process

Creating vegan cheese is part science, part culinary art. The process varies depending on the type of cheese but generally follows these steps:

1. Base preparation: Nuts or seeds are soaked and blended, or plant milks are prepared.

2. Culturing: For some varieties, probiotics or enzymes are added to ferment the base, developing complex flavors.

3. Flavoring: Nutritional yeast, herbs, spices, or other flavorings are mixed in.

4. Emulsification: Oils and starches are incorporated to achieve the desired consistency.

5. Shaping: The mixture is formed into blocks, wheels, or other shapes.

6. Aging: Some artisanal vegan cheeses age to develop stronger flavors and firmer textures.

7. Packaging: The final product is wrapped or sealed for distribution.

This process can take anywhere from a few hours for simple spreads to several weeks for aged varieties.

Types of Vegan Cheese

Soft Vegan Cheeses

Soft vegan cheeses are often the gateway for curious consumers. They include:

• Cream cheese alternatives: Perfect for bagels or cheesecakes
• Spreadable wedges: Ideal for crackers or crudités
• Ricotta-style: Great for lasagna or stuffed shells

These varieties tend to nail the creamy texture of their dairy counterparts, making them an easy switch for many.

Hard Vegan Cheeses

Hard vegan cheeses have come a long way, now offering options that can be sliced, grated, or melted:

• Cheddar-style blocks: For sandwiches or cheese boards
• Mozzarella shreds: Ideal for pizza or caprese salads
• Parmesan alternatives: Perfect for topping pasta or salads

These cheeses often use coconut oil or starches to achieve a firm texture that can be manipulated like traditional hard cheeses.

Artisanal and Specialty Cheeses

The world of artisanal vegan cheese is where innovation truly shines. Small-batch producers are creating complex, aged cheeses that rival their dairy counterparts:

• Blue cheese alternatives with edible rinds and veining
• Smoked gouda-style wheels
• Brie-like soft-ripened varieties with bloomy rinds

These specialty cheeses often command premium prices and are favored by vegan cheese connoisseurs for their nuanced flavors and authentic textures.

Characteristics of Vegan Cheese

Texture and Melting Properties

Texture is where vegan cheese has made its biggest strides. Modern varieties can be:

• Creamy and spreadable
• Firm and sliceable
• Stretchy when melted

However, the melting properties can vary. Some vegan cheeses melt beautifully, creating that coveted cheese pull. Others might soften without fully melting. Manufacturers continue to refine their formulas to improve meltability, especially for pizza and grilled cheese applications.

Flavor Profiles

Vegan cheese flavors have evolved from bland to bold. You’ll find options ranging from mild and buttery to sharp and tangy. Some common flavor profiles include:

• Nutty and earthy (often in nut-based cheeses)
• Tangy and acidic (in cultured varieties)
• Smoky or herb-infused (in flavored options)

While vegan cheese may not replicate dairy cheese exactly, many varieties offer complex and satisfying flavors in their own right.

Nutritional Aspects

Nutrient Content

Vegan cheese nutrition varies widely depending on the base ingredients. Generally, you can expect:

• Lower calories than dairy cheese, though this can vary depending on the type and ingredients used
• Similar fat content, often from healthier plant sources, though it can have similar levels of saturated fat, frequently derived from plant sources like coconut oil
• Lower protein content, unless fortified or made from high-protein plant sources like nuts
• No cholesterol
• Rarely fortified with vitamins B12 and D, with only 14% containing added B12 and 1% containing added vitamin D

Some varieties may be higher in sodium or contain added starches for texture, so it’s always wise to check the label.

Health Considerations

Vegan cheese can be part of a healthy diet, offering several potential benefits:

• Lactose-free, making it suitable for those with lactose intolerance
• Often lower in saturated fat than dairy cheese
• Free from animal hormones and antibiotics

However, it’s not a one-size-fits-all health food. Some varieties may be highly processed or contain allergens like nuts or soy.

Special Dietary Needs

Vegan cheese caters to various dietary restrictions:

• Gluten-free options are widely available
• Soy-free varieties exist for those with soy allergies
• Nut-free options are available for nut allergy sufferers

Always check labels carefully if you have specific dietary needs or allergies.

Vegan Cheese vs Dairy Cheese

The showdown between vegan and dairy cheese is complex. Here’s how they compare:

Taste: While vegan cheese has improved dramatically, many still prefer the familiar taste of dairy cheese. Vegan options often have their own unique flavors that some grow to love.

Texture: High-quality vegan cheeses can closely mimic dairy cheese textures but may not be identical. Some find the differences noticeable, while others barely detect them.

Meltability: Some vegan cheeses melt well, others less so. Dairy cheese generally has the edge here, but the gap is narrowing.

Nutrition: Vegan cheese is often lower in calories and cholesterol-free but may have less protein. Dairy cheese provides calcium and complete proteins.

Versatility: Both can be used in cooking, though some recipes may require adjustments when using vegan cheese.

Environmental impact: Vegan cheese generally has a lower carbon footprint than dairy cheese. The production of plant-based ingredients for vegan cheese typically generates fewer greenhouse gas emissions than dairy farming for traditional cheese.

Price: Vegan cheese is often more expensive, though prices are becoming more competitive as demand increases.

Ultimately, the choice between vegan and dairy cheese comes down to personal preference, dietary needs, and ethical considerations.

Uses in Cooking

Common Applications

Vegan cheese is incredibly versatile in the kitchen. Some popular uses include:

• Pizza topping
• Sandwich filling
• Pasta sauce base
• Salad topping
• Dips and spreads
• Baked goods (cheesecake, Danish pastries)

Experiment with different brands and types to find the best vegan cheese for each application. Some work better for melting, while others shine in cold dishes.

Vegan Cheese in Cuisines

Global cuisines are embracing vegan cheese, adapting traditional dishes to plant-based versions:

• Italian: Vegan mozzarella on Margherita pizza
• Mexican: Cashew queso in burritos or on nachos
• Greek: Tofu-based feta in salads
• French: Nut-based Camembert on cheese boards
• American: Vegan cheddar in grilled cheese sandwiches

These adaptations allow vegans to enjoy international flavors and provide new twists on classic dishes for all diners.

Cheese Boards and Pairings

Vegan cheese boards are becoming increasingly popular. To create a stunning spread:

• Offer a variety of textures: soft, semi-soft, and hard cheeses
• Include different flavors: mild, sharp, smoky, herbed
• Pair with fresh and dried fruits, nuts, and crackers
• Add olives, pickles, or chutneys for contrasting flavors

For drink pairings, consider light white wines, fruity reds, or craft beers. Non-alcoholic options like kombucha or sparkling juices can also complement vegan cheeses beautifully.

Buying and Storing Vegan Cheese

What to Look For

When shopping for vegan cheese, keep these tips in mind:

• Read ingredient lists to avoid unwanted additives or allergens
• Check for fortification if you’re looking for added nutrients
• Consider the intended use – melting, spreading, grating, etc.
• Look for organic or non-GMO certifications if those are important to you
• Try different brands to find your favorites

Don’t be afraid to ask for samples at specialty stores or farmers markets.

Storage and Shelf Life

Proper storage is key to maintaining the quality of vegan cheese:

• Refrigerate most vegan cheeses after opening
• Use airtight containers or cheese paper to prevent drying out
• Soft cheeses typically last 5-7 days once opened
• Hard cheeses may last up to 2-3 weeks
• Some artisanal varieties may have specific storage instructions – follow package guidelines

Some vegan cheeses can be frozen, but this may affect their texture. For optimal flavor and consistency, it’s best to use them fresh.

Environmental Impact

The environmental footprint of vegan cheese is generally smaller than that of dairy cheese. Here’s why:

• Lower greenhouse gas emissions: Plant-based production typically generates fewer emissions than dairy farming.
• Reduced water usage: Growing crops for vegan cheese often requires less water than raising dairy cows. Dairy production typically requires significant amounts of water, primarily due to the water needed for raising dairy cows and producing milk.
• Less land use: Plant-based ingredients generally need less land than grazing cattle, with some plant-based milk alternatives using as little as 4-7% of the land required for the same amount of dairy milk.

However, the environmental impact can vary depending on ingredients and production methods. For example, cashew-based cheeses may require more water than soy-based options.

As the vegan cheese industry grows, many producers are focusing on sustainability, using organic ingredients and eco-friendly packaging.

Conclusion

Vegan cheese has transformed from a niche product to a diverse, flavorful category that’s winning over vegans and omnivores alike. Its evolution mirrors broader shifts towards plant-based eating, driven by health, environmental, and ethical concerns.

As technology and culinary expertise continue to advance, the future of vegan cheese looks bright and delicious. Whether you’re a committed vegan or simply curious about plant-based options, there’s never been a better time to explore the world of vegan cheese.