How to Store Garlic

TL;DR

Garlic thrives in a cool, dry environment with good air circulation, ideally around 60-65°F (15-18°C) with low humidity (1, 2).
Proper curing of garlic involves hanging bulbs in a dry, well-ventilated area for 10-14 days at room temperature to 80°F and 60-70% relative humidity (2).
Peeled garlic cloves can be refrigerated for up to a week, while frozen garlic can last up to 12 months (4, 6).
Dehydrated garlic can be stored for up to 2-3 years at best quality (10).
Storing garlic in oil carries a risk of botulism, and if refrigerated, it should be consumed within a week (7).
Avoid storing garlic in the refrigerator as temperatures below 50°F can cause sprouting, but consider refrigeration if room temperature is above 66°F (11).

TL;DR
Introduction
Storing Whole Garlic Bulbs
Storing Peeled and Chopped Garlic
Factors Affecting Garlic Storage
Alternative Storage Methods
Common Issues and Solutions
- Garlic Sprouting
- Regional Considerations
Conclusion
References

Introduction

Garlic, a staple ingredient in countless cuisines worldwide, is loved for its pungent flavor and versatility in dishes. However, improper storage can lead to spoilage, sprouting, or loss of flavor, making it crucial to understand the best practices for keeping your garlic fresh and delicious. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore various storage methods, ideal conditions, and tips to ensure your garlic remains in top shape for all your culinary creations.

Storing Whole Garlic Bulbs

Ideal Storage Conditions

To keep whole garlic bulbs fresh for up to 6 months, it’s essential to provide the right storage conditions. Garlic thrives in a cool (but not cold), dry environment with good air circulation (1). Aim for a temperature range that suits your intended storage duration, generally around 60-65°F (15-18°C), and low humidity to prevent premature sprouting or mold growth (2). Avoid storing garlic in the refrigerator as it can cause the garlic to sprout and turn bitter (11).

Containers for Whole Bulbs

When storing whole garlic bulbs, choose containers that allow for proper air circulation. Mesh bags, baskets, or ceramic jars with ventilation holes are excellent options. Avoid sealing garlic in airtight containers or plastic bags, as this can trap moisture and lead to decay.

Curing Garlic for Storage

Before storing your garlic bulbs, consider curing them to extend their shelf life. Curing involves drying the outer layers of the bulb, creating a protective barrier against moisture and decay. To cure garlic, hang the bulbs in a dry, well-ventilated area with good air circulation, at a temperature around room temperature to 80°F and 60-70% relative humidity, for 10-14 days until the necks feel dry and papery (2).

unpeeled whole garlic bulbs and garlic cloves

Storing Peeled and Chopped Garlic

Refrigerating Peeled Cloves

If you’ve peeled more garlic than you need, store the cloves in an airtight container in the refrigerator (3). When properly refrigerated, peeled cloves can last up to a week (4). However, keep in mind that the flavor may intensify and become more pungent over time.

Freezing Garlic

Freezing is an excellent option for long-term storage of peeled or chopped garlic (5). To freeze garlic, follow these steps:

Peel and chop the garlic as desired.
Spread the garlic on a baking sheet and flash freeze until solid.
Transfer the frozen garlic to an airtight container or freezer bag.

Frozen garlic can be stored for up to 12 months (6). While the texture may slightly change upon thawing, the flavor remains intact, making it perfect for cooking.

Storing Garlic in Oil

Storing chopped garlic in oil is a flavorful option, but it comes with some risks. Garlic in oil can develop botulism if not handled properly (7). To minimize the risk:

Use only fresh garlic and high-quality oil.
Refrigerate the garlic-oil mixture immediately.
Consume within a week to avoid potential health hazards.

The benefit of storing garlic in oil is the infusion of garlic flavor into the oil, which can be used for cooking or as a condiment.

Factors Affecting Garlic Storage

Several factors can impact the storage life and quality of garlic:

Garlic Variety: Hardneck garlic tends to have a shorter shelf life compared to softneck varieties (8).
Growing Conditions: Garlic grown in optimal conditions, with proper nutrition and minimal stress, will store better.
Harvesting Techniques: Garlic should be harvested at the right time and handled gently to avoid damage.
Handling Practices: Rough handling, bruising, or breaking the cloves can reduce storage life.

Choose firm, blemish-free bulbs with tight, papery skins when selecting garlic for long-term storage.

pickled garlic in a jar. — Pictured here are garlic cloves pickled in a jar.

Alternative Storage Methods

Dehydrating Garlic

Dehydrating garlic is an excellent way to preserve it for extended periods (2, 9). To dehydrate garlic:

Slice or chop the peeled cloves thinly.
Arrange the garlic on dehydrator trays or a baking sheet (if using an oven).
Dehydrate at 115°F (46°C) until crisp and brittle.
Store the dehydrated garlic in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.

Dehydrated garlic can be stored for up to 2-3 years at best quality and is easily reconstituted in liquid dishes or ground into a powder for seasoning (10).

Pickling Garlic

Pickling is another flavorful way to preserve garlic (5). To pickle garlic:

Peel the cloves and place them in a clean, sterile jar.
Prepare a pickling brine with vinegar, water, salt, and any desired spices.
Pour the hot brine over the garlic cloves and seal the jar.
Refrigerate the pickled garlic for at least a week before consuming.

Pickled garlic can be stored in the refrigerator for several months, adding a tangy, zesty flavor to salads, sandwiches, or charcuterie boards (5).

Braiding Garlic

Braiding is a traditional method for storing softneck garlic varieties. To braid garlic:

Select fully cured garlic bulbs with long, pliable stems.
Gently clean the bulbs, removing any dirt or loose skin.
Braid the stems together, starting with three bulbs and adding more as you go.
Hang the braided garlic in a cool, dry place with good air circulation.

Braided garlic not only looks attractive but also allows for easy access to individual bulbs as needed.

Common Issues and Solutions

Garlic Sprouting

Garlic sprouting is a common issue during storage, often caused by exposure to light or temperature fluctuations. While sprouted garlic is still safe to eat, it may have a slightly bitter flavor and a less tender texture. To minimize sprouting, store garlic in a consistently cool, dark location. Avoid temperature fluctuations and direct sunlight. Use sprouted garlic in cooked dishes where the flavor will be less noticeable.

Regional Considerations

Garlic storage can be challenging in humid or warm environments like the South. To combat these conditions:

Ensure proper air circulation around the bulbs.
Use a dehumidifier in storage areas to reduce moisture levels.
Consider refrigeration if the room temperature is above 66°F, but avoid storing garlic in the refrigerator as temperatures below 50°F can cause it to sprout (11).
Regularly inspect stored garlic for signs of mold or decay, and remove affected bulbs promptly.

Conclusion

Proper garlic storage is essential for maintaining its quality, flavor, and versatility in your favorite recipes. By understanding the ideal storage conditions, exploring various methods, and addressing common issues, you can ensure that your garlic remains fresh and delicious for all your culinary adventures.

Experiment with different storage techniques based on your preferences and needs, whether it’s storing whole bulbs, refrigerating peeled cloves, or trying alternative methods like dehydrating or pickling. With a little care and attention, you’ll always have flavorful garlic on hand to elevate your dishes and inspire your creativity in the kitchen.

So go ahead, embrace your love for garlic, and savor the delightful aroma and taste of perfectly stored cloves in every meal you create. Your taste buds will thank you!